X elseの位置づけ：syntacticなanaphorかそれとも語用論的な処理ができるのか
参考文献 Culicover and Jackendoff (1995) “Something else for the Binding Theory,” LI.
(1) Mary thinks that someone else will win.
この文は２つの解釈がある。
解釈１：someone elseは、前の文脈で言及された以外の人。Maryであってもよい。
解釈２：Mary以外。
elseの振る舞い
2.1 Local Antecedents
(5) a. John carefully ignores everyone else while doing yoga.
b. Frankly, we don’t expect anyone else to like this paper, but we’re publishing it anyway.
2.2 Nonlocal Antecedents
(8) a. Mary was elected president and someone else was elected vice president.
b. John thought that someone else would win.
c. John’s mother thought that someone else would win.
split antecedentの例
(10) John told Mary that someone else was going to be asked to do the work.
2.3 Deictic Antecedents
(11) a. [Pointing to John entering the room:] Oy, why did you get him?
b. [As John enters the room:] Oy, can’t you find someone else?
c. [As John enters the room:] See, I got someone else.
2.4 Quantifier Binding
(12) Everyone loves someone else.
(14) Everyone here thinks that someone else will win.
2.5 Sloppy identity
(16) Bill went to his house, and John did too.
a. ... and John went to Bill’s house.
b. ... and John went to John’s house.
(17) Bill went to his house, but John went somewhere else.
a. ... but John went somewhere other than to Bill’s house.
b. ... but John went somewhere other than to John’s house.
Sloppy identityの例があるから、elseをsyntacticに扱う理由とする。
